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In 2016 California voters approved adult recreational use of marijuana. The Adult Use of Marijuana Act (“AUMA”) concerns recreational marijuana (Health & Saf. Code, §§ 11362.1 and 11362.2.)
Proposition 215, known as the Compassionate Use Act (“CUA”), provides a limited defense from criminal prosecution for possession and cultivation of marijuana for medical purposes. (Health & Saf. Code, § 11362.5.)
Under the the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA), however, marijuana is classified as a Schedule I substance, § 812(c), based on its high potential for abuse, no accepted medical use, and no accepted safety for use in medically supervised treatment. § 812(b)(1). This classification renders the manufacture, distribution, or possession of marijuana a criminal offense. §§ 841(a)(1), 844(a). at 10-15. (Gonzales v. Raich (2005) 545 U.S. 1, 2.)
Ross v. RagingWire Telecommunications, Inc. (2008) 42 Cal.4th 920, 926 is the governing case regarding the question of whether an employee may be terminated for violating workplace durg policies through use of marijuana. One of the main reasons being that the FEHA does not require employers to accommodate the use of illegal drugs. (Ross v. RagingWire Telecommunications, Inc. (2008) 42 Cal.4th 920, 926.)
“Nothing in the text or history of the Compassionate Use Act suggests the voters intended the measure to address the respective rights and duties of employers and employees.” (Ross v. RagingWire Telecommunications, Inc. (2008) 42 Cal.4th 920, 922.) “Under California law, an employer may require preemployment drug tests and take illegal drug use into consideration in making employment decisions.” (Id. citing Loder v. City of Glendale (1997) 14 Cal.4th 846, 882-883.) Thus, terminating an employee for use of marijuana is not against the law.
No state law could completely legalize marijuana for medical purposes because the drug remains illegal under federal law (21 U.S.C. § 812, 844(a)), even for medical users (see Gonzales v. Raich (2005) 545 U.S. 1, 26–29; United States v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative, (2001) 532 U.S. 483, 491–495).
“The Compassionate Use Act (Health Saf. Code, § 11362.5) does not eliminate marijuana's potential for abuse or the employer's legitimate interest in whether an employee uses the drug.” (Ross v. Ragingwire Telecom., Inc. 42 Cal.4th 920, 927). “Marijuana, as noted, remains illegal under federal law because of its ‘high potential for abuse,’ its lack of any ‘currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States,’ and its ‘lack of accepted safety for use . . . under medical supervision.’” (Id. citing 21 U.S.C. § 812(b)(1); see Gonzales v. Raich, supra, 545 U.S. 1, 14.)
“The operative provisions of the Compassionate Use Act (Health & Saf. Code, § 11362.5) do not speak to employment law. Except in their treatment of physicians, who are protected not only from ‘punish[ment]’ but also from being ‘denied any right or privilege . . . for having recommended marijuana’, the act’s operative provisions speak exclusively to the criminal law. (Ross v. Ragingwire Telecom., Inc. 42 Cal.4th 920, 928 citing Health & Saf. Code, § 11362.5(c)) “Subdivision (d) of § 11362.5 provides that ‘§ 11357, relating to the possession of marijuana, and § 11358, relating to the cultivation of marijuana, shall not apply to a patient, or to a patient’s primary caregiver, who possesses or cultivates marijuana for the personal medical purposes of the patient upon the written or oral recommendation or approval of a physician.’” Id. “Subdivision (e) of § 11362.5 simply defines ‘primary caregiver.’” Id. The operative provisions do not mention employment law. (Ross v. Ragingwire Tel.(2008) 42 Cal. 4th 920, 928.)
Like the employer in Ross, KAISER has a drug-free policy (the “Workplace Policy”) that bans the use of marijuana by its employees. Section 5.6.2 of KAISER’s Workplace Policy states: When reasonable suspicion has been established to indicate an employee is under the influence of alcohol or drugs, the employee will be asked, at the sole discretion of management, to provide breath, blood and/or urine specimens for laboratory testing . . . .
BAILEY V. KAISER FOUNDATION HEALTH PLAN, INC.
FCS050080
Apr 04, 2019
Solano County, CA
The records of Alatorre’s activity on Twitter within the two-day period surrounding the accident appear to be relevant to impeach Alatorre’s denial of marijuana use. Third, any records of Alatorre’s activity on Twitter about use of marijuana in the workplace are relevant to whether Marina Shipyard negligently entrusted the vehicle at issue to Alatorre. The Court finds that this compelling interest outweighs any privacy interest by Alatorre.
CHRISTOPHER ALIGHIRE VS JOSE ANTONIO ALATORRE ET AL
BC640212
Feb 27, 2020
Los Angeles County, CA
(r) Allow public and private employers to enact and enforce workplace policies pertaining to marijuana. (s) Tax the growth and sale of marijuana in a way that drives out the illicit market for marijuana and discourages use by minors, and abuse by adults. (t) Generate hundreds of millions of dollars in new state revenue annually for restoring and repairing the environment, youth treatment and prevention, community investment, and law enforcement.
PETITION OF EL CAJON RESIDENTS FOR RESPONSIBLE GOVERNANCE
37-2017-00045604-CU-WM-CTL
Feb 15, 2018
San Diego County, CA
Administrative
Writ
Plaintiff was involved in the security process of the marijuana licensing program where licensees submitted security plans that EMPD reviewed. (Id., 20:5-14.) At the time Plaintiff was reassigned to patrol duties, EMPD needed a patrol sergeant and City had already ended the marijuana licensing program. (Id., 38:7-39:2.) When the program commenced again in 2020, Reynoso gave the duties related to marijuana licensing to a different sergeant. (Id., 43:10-17.)
BEATRIZ GUADARRAMA VS DAVID REYNOSO, ET AL.
21STCV41211
Mar 05, 2024
Los Angeles County, CA
The evidence suggests Officer Koegel’s assessments were accurate as Petitioner admitted people at his workplace smoked marijuana and attributed his bloodshot and watery eyes, droopy eyelids, and a sedate or sleepy looking face to his allergies. (AR 8-10, 17.) Officer Koegel identified the “strong odor” of burned marijuana emanating from Petitioner’s care. (AR 17.)
TIMOTHY JOHN M. MCDONOUGH VS STEVEN GORDON, , DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES
20STCP01237
Feb 05, 2021
Los Angeles County, CA
Administrative
Writ
The weight of the evidence supports Commission’s finding that Petitioner made a false statement at his interview when he “denied returning drugs to detainees except marijuana.” At his interview, Petitioner initially denied returning any drugs except marijuana and then, upon further question from Carrasco, admitted that he had returned methamphetamine a week earlier. (AR 526.) Petitioner’s initial statement about only returning marijuana was false.
CHRISTOPHER VALENTE VS LOS ANGELES COUNTY CIVIL SERVICE COMM
BS174760
Sep 10, 2020
Los Angeles County, CA
Administrative
Writ
Merely inquiring of Plaintiff as to his use of marijuana at home does not sufficient for this element as a matter of law, as Plaintiff could simply refuse to answer the question. Complaint, ¶¶ 28 – 30. Moreover, Defendant’s evidence is that the only conversation Plaintiff had about marijuana was during the February 9, 2014 meeting with Segler and Sarish about his provision of the marijuana brownie to Boomgaarden while they were both on the Getty premises.
KILEY BLAND VS J PAUL GETTY TRUST
BC604926
Sep 28, 2017
Los Angeles County, CA
Employment
Wrongful Term
In Cardillo , two non-physician owners of a corporation that operated Kush Dr., a medical marijuana clinic, were criminally charged with practicing medicine without a license. (Id. at 494.) They asserted they only provided management services for the physicians who operated out of the clinic and wrote medical marijuana prescriptions. ( Id . at pp. 495496.)
ART CENTER HOLDINGS, INC., A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION, ET AL. VS WCE CA ART, LLC, A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY, ET AL.
24SMCV01185
Apr 30, 2024
Los Angeles County, CA
The court orders that defendant shall not make reference to, or introduce evidence of, plaintiffs alleged use of cocaine or marijuana before plaintiffs employment with defendants began in August 2017. The court denies plaintiffs motion in limine no. 2 as to plaintiffs alleged use of cocaine or marijuana after plaintiffs employment with defendants began in August 2017.
ALLISON CERVANTES VS D'JON MORNAY, ET AL.
18STCV09180
Dec 06, 2023
Los Angeles County, CA
KFH’s Drug-Free Workplace Policy defines “being under the influence” as an “impairment by alcohol or a drug...regardless of the level detected.” (UF No. 14; Ex. 7 to NOL [Drug-Free Workplace Policy NATL.HR.030].) Pursuant to the policy, a determination that an employee is “under the influence” can be established “by lay observations by supervisors, co-workers, or others.” (UF No. 15; Ex. 7 to NOL [Drug-Free Workplace Policy NATL.HR.030].)
MARIANNA JONG VS KAISER FOUNDATION HOSPITALS, A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION
19STCV30856
May 27, 2021
Los Angeles County, CA
Employment
Wrongful Term
“The express intent of the author of the legislation was to address the growing phenomenon in California of workplace violence by providing employers with injunctive relief so as to prevent such acts of workplace violence.” (Scripps Health v. Marin (1999) 72 Cal.App.4th 324, 334, italics omitted.)
COLD SPRING ELEMENTRY SCHOOL DISTRICT VS AMANDA ROWAN
21CV00989
May 21, 2021
Santa Barbara County, CA
A “No MATCH” clause, whereby father shall not molest, annoy, threaten, contact, or harass her; includes coming to her home or workplace without prior agreement; exceptions are to be carved out for peaceful custody exchanges and communication through TalkingParents regarding Audrey. h. Guideline child support to be calculated following the exchange of necessary financial disclosures.
NICOLE DEMARCO AND ROSARY DEMARCO
19FL01208
Aug 20, 2019
Santa Barbara County, CA
In August 2019, a Google employee reported to Plaintiff that Tucker, another Google employee, had consumed marijuana gummies on the job on Google property. Plaintiff discussed the problem with Tucker. During their conversation, Plaintiff expressed his opposition to the use of marijuana while on the job and stated that it could be a criminal offense. In September 2019, Jennifer Chason (Chason), Google Cloud Enterprise’s Director, told Plaintiff that “Google has too many middle-aged white men.”
JASON HUTCHINSON VS GOOGLE, INC., ET AL.
20STCV03411
Jun 26, 2020
Los Angeles County, CA
Employment
Wrongful Term
Here, Plaintiff presents evidence that despite the stated marijuana policy, which as Exhibit I of Defendants evidence states that any employee who is found to be using drugs before or during work would be terminated, there were other employees who actively smelled of marijuana, were told to go home, and yet still remained employed by Defendant. (PUMF 78.)
CARLOS GARCIA VS ROSE PLUMBING AND GENERAL CONTRACTING, INC., A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION
21STCV08886
Apr 17, 2023
Los Angeles County, CA
County argues Plaintiff has no information to suggest that these persons were even aware that Plaintiff filed the workplace violence report relating to Nelson so she will be unable to present any evidence that their decisions were influenced by the workplace violence report against Nelson. Based on this, County argues the Court should grant the summary adjudication of the retaliation claim. Plaintiff responds that she filed a workplace violence report against Mr.
N23-1583
Oct 23, 2023
Contra Costa County, CA
Plaintiff opposes the demurrers on the following grounds: plaintiff’s complaints to defendant involved a co-employee’s illegal drug use of marijuana and “acid” impairment, which compromised the health and safety of other employees and community residents. Defendant replied to the opposition.
MILLER V. AUBURN LAKE TRAILS
PC-20170466
Aug 10, 2018
El Dorado County, CA
"Moral blame" attached to Defendants conduct is presented by Plaintiffs evidence that Defendants did not protect minors but, instead, intentionally placed minor fans in close proximity to Lopez by hosting parties where alcohol and marijuana was consumed in order to promote THH. (PASF 62-66.) The policy factors weigh in favor for imposition of liability because a societal goal is to protect and safeguard minors from sexual abuse.
H.L. DOE, ET AL. VS TONY LOPEZ, ET AL.
21STCV00446
Mar 17, 2023
Los Angeles County, CA
“Actionable harassment consists of more than ‘annoying or merely offensive comments in the workplace,’ and it cannot be ‘occasional, isolated, sporadic, or trivial; rather, the employee must show a concerted pattern of harassment of a repeated, routine, or a generalized nature.’” (Cornell v. Berkeley Tennis Club (2017) 18 Cal.App.5th 908, 940.)
KEISHA NESBITT LEWIS, PHN, RN, MSN VS. OMNI FAMILY HEALTH ORGANIZATION
21CECG02922
Jun 07, 2023
Fresno County, CA
App. 3d 187, 194 (overturning discharge of a tax representative trainee for marijuana possession because there was no relationship between possessing marijuana off the job and the duties of a tax representative trainee.). LACMA replies that Scagliotti could be terminated even if there is no nexus to his job duties.
LOS ANGELES COUNTY MUSEUM OF ART VS LOS ANGELES COUNTY CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION
23STCP02481
May 07, 2024
Los Angeles County, CA
This cause of action is based on C.C.P. section 527.8, which states, "Any employer, whose employee has suffered unlawful violence or a credible threat of violence from any individual, that can reasonably be construed to be carried out or to have been carried out at the workplace, may seek a temporary restraining order and an order after hearing on behalf of the employee and, at the discretion of the court, any number of other employees at the workplace, and, if appropriate, other employees at other workplaces
THAKORE VS BOND
37-2023-00000281-CU-NP-CTL
Nov 09, 2023
San Diego County, CA
(h) Examples of genetic discrimination in the workplace include the use of preemployment genetic screening at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, which led to a court decision in favor of the employees in that case, Norman–Bloodsaw v. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (9th Cir. 1998) 135 F.3d 1260, 1269. (i) The State of California has a compelling public interest in realizing the medical promise of genomics.
CONANT JR. VS JONNER TRANSPORTATION INC.
CVPS2203256
May 18, 2023
Riverside County, CA
It is not our role to engage in what would amount to a redrafting of [a] complaint in order to read that document as alleging conduct that supports a claim that has not in fact been specifically alleged , and then assess whether the pleading that we have essentially drafted could survive the anti-SLAPP motion directed at it. ( Medical Marijuana, supra , 6 Cal.App.5th at p. 621, fn. omitted, italics added.) ( Medical Marijuana, Inc. v.
GAURAV SRIVASTAVA VS JILL SMALL
21STCV28536
Nov 16, 2021
Los Angeles County, CA
Cochran concerns the death of an employee in a workplace fire; the business used and stored the highly combustible substance magnesium. Decedents husband and family based their lawsuit in part on the allegation that the city violated its mandatory duties under the municipal code to abate known hazardous conditions. In upholding summary judgment in favor of the city, the Cochran court cited Clayton, supra .
LODIE POLLARD ET AL VS HAIG M BAZOIAN ET AL
BC718464
Apr 14, 2023
Los Angeles County, CA
“Actionable harassment consists of more than ‘annoying or merely offensive comments in the workplace,’ and it cannot be ‘occasional, isolated, sporadic, or trivial; rather, the employee must show a concerted pattern of harassment of a repeated, routine, or a generalized nature.’” (Cornell v. Berkeley Tennis Club (2017) 18 Cal.App.5th 908, 940.)
KEISHA NESBITT LEWIS, PHN, RN, MSN VS. OMNI FAMILY HEALTH ORGANIZATION
21CECG02922
Jan 23, 2024
Fresno County, CA
It was entirely reasonable for Defendants to conclude that Plaintiff had engaged in a series of sexually inappropriate actions in the workplace.
DAMIAN GARCIA V. COTTAGE HEALTH, ET AL.
20CV00675
Apr 13, 2021
Santa Barbara County, CA
Superior Court (1996) 49 Cal.App.4th 1108, Deputy Sheriff Spencer shot and killed a man when serving a search warrant on an alleged marijuana ranch. "The Ventura County District Attorney conducted an investigation and issued a public report exculpating Spencer from criminal liability. The report, however, questioned the veracity of the search warrant affidavit and suggested that Spencer's primary motivation was to seize the property as part of a drug forfeiture.
WEIGAND VS. SAN DIEGO COUNTY PUBLIC AUTHORITY IHSS
37-2016-00008782-CU-OE-CTL
Dec 01, 2016
San Diego County, CA
Employment
Other Employment
(1987) 189 Cal.App.3d 1420)(emotional distress allegedly resulting from continuing pattern of workplace harassment based on sexual orientation).)
ARTIGA JOEL VS NICOLAS MORENO, ET AL.
19STCV46508
Mar 13, 2024
Los Angeles County, CA
Because Human Resources took no action to protect Plaintiff when she complained about discrimination and retaliation, because her supervisors retaliated against Plaintiff, and because she was not allowed to move to another team, Plaintiff s workplace became intolerable and she had no choice but to resign her employment. (Ibid.)
SCHULZE V. APPLE, INC.
20CV369611
Aug 12, 2021
Santa Clara County, CA
Defendants must file and serve answers to the complaint by October 26, 2020. ____________________ * CBD stands for cannabidiol; it is essentially marijuana with the THC taken out. **Woo is a resident of San Diego County. (Complaint, ¶ 3.) ***Presumably Justice Dato meant "court." **** As the court held in the summary judgment context in San Diego Watercrafts, Inc. v.
WOO VS ISODIOL INTERNATIONAL INC
37-2020-00023051-CU-BC-CTL
Oct 15, 2020
San Diego County, CA
Contract
Breach
“[A]lthough an adverse employment action must materially affect the terms, conditions, or privileges of employment to be actionable, the determination of whether a particular action or course of conduct rises to the level of actionable conduct should take into account the unique circumstances of the affected employee as well as the workplace context of the claim.” (Yanowitz, supra, 36 Cal.4th at 1052.)
ANDUALEM ASEFFA ARAGAW VS GRAND PRIZE LIQUOR INC ET AL
BC658024
Nov 20, 2017
Los Angeles County, CA
Employment
Wrongful Term
During this period, Petitioner provided CW with alcohol, nitrous oxide, marijuana, methamphetamine, and Xanax. (AR 751.) Petitioner also purchased CW alcohol at liquor stores and bongs at smoke shops. (Ibid.) Petitioner prescribed an asthma inhaler for CW on December 30, 2015 to soothe CW’s lungs after smoking marijuana and methamphetamine. Petitioner was not CW’s physician and Petitioner did not maintain medical records for CW. (AR 168-169, 751, 867-872, 1297.)
CARMEN A PULIAFITO M D VS MEDICAL BOARD OF CALIFORNIA DEPT
BS175056
Jul 21, 2020
Los Angeles County, CA
Administrative
Writ
In the 8 th cause of action, Plaintiff alleges that on March 25, 2021, EDN, CKS, and Deloach fired Plaintiff in retaliation of him complaining of unsafe working conditions and requesting medical leave and treatment following battery at work by Vega during workplace hours. (Compl., ¶66.)
ELIAS REIDY VS EAU DI NIL MARKETING & EVENTS, INC., ET AL.
23BBCV00658
Jan 12, 2024
Los Angeles County, CA
Moreover, plaintiff disputes the underlying allegations of misconduct, including yelling at a dog, mishandling a dog during a move, and being outside when another employee smoked marijuana during a break. The write ups for “lateness” all started after plaintiff was injured and after she was placed on medical restrictions by her doctor.
JESSICA MARINO VS. ADVANCED CRITICAL CARE EMERGENCY
LC107570
Mar 01, 2021
Los Angeles County, CA
Employment
Wrongful Term
From a review of the allegations, these measures appear to have a rational relationship to the object of helping lower the risk of ongoing transmission at workplace establishments with active outbreaks. [See SAC, para. 74].
JOEL D LAMONT VS ROBERT W NORTE, ET AL.
22BBCV00881
Jul 29, 2022
Los Angeles County, CA
First, he brought and distributed marijuana edibles to a University-sanctioned event in Thailand. AR 1450. This act violated University policy for a drug free workplace. AR 1450.
YAARUB ALWAN VS WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, A CALIFORNIA NONPROFIT CORPORATION
20STCP02972
Apr 19, 2022
Los Angeles County, CA
Marijuana, Inc., supra, 46 Cal. App. 5th at 883 [the issues in an anti-SLAPP motion are framed by the pleadings].)
LEAH REMINI VS CHURCH OF SCIENTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, INC., ET AL.
23STCV18300
Feb 06, 2024
Los Angeles County, CA
[Citation.]” ( Medical Marijuana, Inc. v. ProjectCBD.com (2020) 46 Cal.App.5th 869, 883.) Accordingly, the Court may only look to whether the photo actually published by Defendant, the photo upon which Plaintiff’s cause of action relies, is a matter of public concern. Based on the foregoing, the Court finds that Defendant has prevailed on the second prong as to the first cause of action. Defendant’s special motion to strike is GRANTED as to the first cause of action.
KATHERINE HILL VS KENNETH HESLEP, ET AL.
20STCV48797
Apr 21, 2021
Los Angeles County, CA
Personal Injury/ Tort
other
Marijuana, Inc., supra, 46 Cal. App. 5th at 883 [the issues in an anti-SLAPP motion are framed by the pleadings].)
LEAH REMINI VS CHURCH OF SCIENTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, INC., ET AL.
23STCV18300
Jan 16, 2024
Los Angeles County, CA
Defendant states that “evidence was presented that Plaintiff was given a relatively positive performance evaluation at the end of 2016, and was also not previously terminated when it was discovered that he was smoking marijuana during a lunch break.” (Id. at p. 9:11-14 [citing (Marchlewski Decl., ¶¶ 3-4, Trial Exhibit 21, Trial Transcript 6/17/19, 145:1-146:27; Trial Transcript 6/18/19, 121:4-122:19].)
STEVE SNOECK VS EXAKTIME INNOVATIONS INC
BC708964
Oct 07, 2019
Los Angeles County, CA
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